https://www.jrnls.org/jpp New articles published in Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. en Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/477 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/477 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Vinay Kumar, Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi, Pankaj Yadav, Bhishmani Tarare Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Immunotherapy has wholly changed how cancer is treated by using the body’s immune system to eliminate cancer cells. Cancer vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) treatments, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are at the forefront, each with a unique method for boosting anti-tumor immunity. Despite its success, there are still issues with resistance mechanisms, limited effectiveness in some types of cancer, and optimizing combination treatments. Objectives: The goal… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/488 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/488 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Nitika Senger, Sourabh Deshmukh Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, are typified by immune dysregulation resulting in chronic inflammation and progressive tissue injury. Standard treatments, including corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, are often of limited efficacy, have significant side effects, and are challenged by drug resistance. Objectives: This… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/499 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/499 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Paneer Selvam Pandian, Selvaraj Vinoth Kumar, Anupam Biswas, Usha Kumari, Subramani Parasuraman Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus and obesity, continue to pose a major public health challenge. Diabetes is a disorder of glucose metabolism that can be associated with vestibular dysfunction. Traditionally, vestibular stimulation (VS) is used to reduce motion sickness and enhance balance and coordination. Recent studies show that the benefits of VS may extend beyond motor and sensory functions to include significant effects on metabolic health. VS may improve metabolic health… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/507 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/507 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Kapil Yadav, Rohit Malik, Nidhi Gehlawat, Namita Solanki, Syam Mohan, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha, Abdullah Farasani, Jobran M. Moshi, Ahmad Assiri, Saeed Alshahrani, Khaled A. Sahli, Hussam M. Shubaily, Marwa Qadri, Amani Khardali, Waseem Hassan Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of about 10%. Hyperandrogenism, anovulation, polycystic ovarian morphology, and related hormonal and metabolic abnormalities are its hallmarks. This review focuses on the pathophysiologic landmarks, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies, including hormonal, metabolic, and pharmacological interventions associated with PCOS. Comprehensive literature collection was… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/518 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/518 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mohammad Firoz Alam, Ali Mohammed Ali Hazazi, Mohamed Ahmed Al-Kasim, Abdulmajeed M. Jali, Ali Hanbashi, Saeed Alshahrani, Ayed A. Alshamrani, Wedad Mawkili, Maqbool Essa Oraiby, Sami Ibrahim, Ahmad Ali Daghriri, Syam Mohan, Yahya Mashour Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic agent, has been widely used as a first-line treatment for several cancers, including hematological and solid tumors, but its clinical utility is limited by severe cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of pumpkin oil (PO), olive oil (OO), and their combinations against DOX-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of six groups of rats were… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/530 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/530 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gobinath Ramachawolran, Kasi Marimuthu, Sreeramanan Subramaniam, Suresh V. Chinni Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Buprofezin, a thiadiazine insecticide globally recognized as a molting inhibitor, is widely used for controlling whitefly and other insect pests. Objectives: This study investigated the impacts of sub-lethal buprofezin concentrations (0.15, 0.30, and 0.60 mg/L) on adult Clarias gariepinus fish over an 8-day exposure period. Materials and Methods: The 96-h LC50 was determined to be 2.4 mg/L. During the sub-lethal treatment, genotoxic analysis, hematological examination, biochemical… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/544 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/544 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Snehalakshmi Kavacheri Subramaniam, Umamaheswari Anbarasu, Bhuvaneswari Krishnamurthy, Manashaa Gnanaprakasam Poonguzhali Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis affecting the elderly and obese population, and requires long-term medical management. Inflammatory pathways, possibly initiated by tissue damage and stress are involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Citrus medica Linn., known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, has been the focus of management of OA in recent years. Objectives: To explore the therapeutic potential of Citrus medica gel in Wistar Albino rat OA… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/553 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/553 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sohith Reddy Korlagunta, Iniyan Muthamil Selvan, Sugapriya Dhanasekaran Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background/Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a long-term neurodegenerative condition that leads to the gradual deterioration of nerve cells. The goal of this study is to use computational drug discovery (CDD) techniques to discover lead compounds that target Amyloid-beta A4 (AβA4) as a potential target for AD. Materials and Methods: Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling is used in this study to compare different machine learning (ML) models aimed at predicting the… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/562 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/562 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Seham M. Alsuhaymi, Khalid M. Almalki, Sarah I. Alghamdi, Shahad R. Kelantan, Rana M. Alnefaie, Eyad A. Alandijani, Atheer A. Jamal, Mohammed Shaikhomer, Asim M. Alshanberi, Reem B. Busaeed, Safaa M. Alsanosi, Yosra Z. Alhindi Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Chronic diseases present a significant health risk, and global medication adherence for these conditions remains insufficient. Understanding the factors that affect adherence is essential. Objectives: This study aims to better understand medication adherence and the factors influencing non-adherence in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among patients with chronic diseases in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia from May 1 to August 31,… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/571 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/571 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Zihan Liu, Ganmi Wang, Ning Chen, Jiarong Wu, Yueyuan You, Fei Qin, Huan Zhou Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: MRSA and PRSP resistance has surged over 30 years, threatening clinical outcomes; China-developed cefathiamidine sodium, with enhanced pharmacokinetics, offers potent activity against these Gram-positive pathogens. Objectives: This study evaluates the pharmacokinetic profile of injectable ceftriamidine sodium in healthy volunteers and compares its pharmacokinetics with those of cefathiamidine. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was a randomized and controlled study. The… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/579 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/579 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Prashant Kumar Singh, Shruti Singh, Veena Kumari Singh, Rajesh Kumar Meena Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Competency-based medical education (CBME) marks a paradigm shift in medical training by prioritizing outcomes over timebased progression and focusing on clearly defined competencies aligned with societal needs. Faculty serve as critical agents of this transformation, but the success of CBME implementation depends significantly on effective and sustained faculty onboarding. This narrative review examines customized onboarding strategies in CBME and explores emerging principles and challenges. A… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/588 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/588 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Suvajit Podder, Savan Kumar Nagesh, Shweta Sinha, Deepali Shetty, Anula Dsouza Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Regional anaesthesia is widely preferred for upper limb surgeries, particularly those performed below the elbow; however, the limited duration of action of local anaesthetics remains a clinical challenge. The addition of adjuvants such as magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) contributes to better block characteristics and sustained analgesic effect. Objectives: This study was designed to investigate whether varying doses of perineural MgSO4 influence the characteristics of ultrasound-guided… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/596 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/596 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Priya Jaswal, Rishabh Chaudhary, Jhilli Basu, Sowvik Bag, Sumeet Gupta, Seema Bansal Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Heat stress (HS) is the body’s inability to manage internal heat efficiently. It impairs endothelial function, causes oxidative stress, and disrupts nitric oxide (NO) signaling, highlighting the downstream effects of endothelial dysfunction, including impaired vascular integrity, systemic inflammation, multiple-organ injury, and specifically, brain injury. As a NO modulator, l-arginine shows neuroprotective efficacy by restoring NO bioavailability and reducing HS-induced… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/609 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/609 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mujtaba Mahmud, Matthew T. Stier, Jonathan D. Casey, Rebecca E. Bruccoleri, Joanna L. Stollings Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics A case of colchicine overdose of 27 mg, or 0.27 mg/kg (weight 99.8 kg), is reported to assess the potential symptoms seen with this type of toxicity and analyze a prospective treatment for successful outcomes. A 74-year-old man unintentionally ingested approximately 45 tablets of colchicine 0.6 mg, and he then presented to the hospital and received gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and whole bowel irrigation. The patient’s platelets rapidly dropped within 48 h, and he was continuously managed… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/617 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/617 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Paul Mathi Vathana Karunagaran, Edlin Domini Thakkekara Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) undergoing induction therapy are severely immunocompromised and prone to opportunistic infections. Tuberculosis (TB), though less commonly considered, can complicate the clinical course, particularly in endemic regions. Objectives: To emphasize the need to consider extrapulmonary TB in APML patients with persistent fever and non-resolving pleuro-pulmonary abnormalities. Methodology: An APML patient receiving arsenic trioxide (ATO)… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/624 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/4/624 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hunar Jaiya, Nitya K., Sandhya Sundar, Ramya Ramadoss, Suganya Panneer Selvam Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy 21, is characterized by chronic oxidative stress resulting from overexpression of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene without a proportional increase in downstream antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This imbalance leads to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, contributing to neurodegeneration and systemic complications. Plant-derived phytochemicals with antioxidant properties may offer a multitarget strategy to restore redox… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/321 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/321 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Shubham Patil, Sheetal Asutkar Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Surgical wound healing remains challenging in the clinical setting, bedeviled by infection, inflammation, and dysfunctional tissue regeneration. Present treatments rely on dressings and anti-biotics, whose bioavailability and site-specific delivery limitations necessitate more advanced pharmacological approaches. New trends in nanomedicine, drug targeting, and natural therapeutics are promising to overcome this status by promoting tissue repair and minimizing complications.… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/332 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/332 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Nitika Senger, Sourabh Deshmukh Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Hypertension is a worldwide health issue and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction is an important mechanism for its pathogenesis, thus compromising vascular homeostasis and causing vascular remodeling. It is supported by reduced availability of nitric oxide, increased oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, all of which contribute to hypertension as well as cardiovascular morbidity. Objectives: The present narrative review is focused on… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/342 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/342 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha, Abdullah Farasani, Saleh M. Abdullah, Jobran M. Moshi, Nizar A. Khamjan, Saeed Alshahrani, Khaled A. Sahli, Khloud H. Alsaadi, Marwa Qadri, Amani Khardali, Hussam M. Shubaily, Syam Mohan Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Doxorubicin (DX)-induced cardiotoxicity involves dose- and time-dependent myocardial injury driven by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupted topoisomerase IIβ signaling, leading to progressive left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure risk. Despite the growing literature in this field, no comprehensive bibliometric investigation has yet mapped the intellectual structure, research frontiers, and thematic evolution of this domain, creating a gap in… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/355 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/355 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Fhirastika Annisha Helvian, Saidah Syamsuddin, Erlyn Limoa, Irfan Idris, Indrawaty Suhuyanli, Ilhamuddin Ilhamuddin, Sonny Teddy Lisal Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Medical students experience a heightened risk of depression and necessitate effective, low-side-effect interventions. Objectives: This study evaluates the efficacy of saffron in decreasing salivary cortisol levels and alleviating mild depressive symptoms in medical students. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with eligible undergraduate medical students. Participants were assigned to either the intervention group, which received saffron tablets,… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/365 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/365 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Diana Laila Ramatillah, Siti Halda, Fadhli Ramadhan, Baiq Retnanti Tiastiti, Kashif Ullah Khan, Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar, Michelle Darsono, Sylvia Rizky Prima, Nasser M. Aldekhail Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disorder of the pulmonary blood vessels that is often accompanied by other clinical conditions, which can lead to complications in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The clinical outcome of patients with PH is influenced by factors such as age at diagnosis and response to therapy. Patients diagnosed at a younger age and who show a good initial response to therapy tend to have better outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/374 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/374 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Namdev M. Sawant, Joanne Gomes Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: The Indian healthcare system faces significant challenges, such as data fragmentation, lack of interoperability, and concerns about data security. The increasing digitization of healthcare requires a robust infrastructure to address issues like counterfeit drugs, medical data breaches, and inefficient supply chain management. Processed healthcare data play an important role in improving the quality of healthcare services and supporting effective decision-making. Advancements in the… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/388 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/388 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Erra Shirish, P. Rajeshwar, Dinakar Mallem, Sravanthi Parusha, Apoorva Madem, Indira Pacharla, Vijay Kotra, Long Chiau Ming, Wen Han Chooi, Ching Siang Tan, Amal Suleiman, Sulaiman Sultan Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: The utilisation of vasoconstrictors like clonidine with local anaesthetics during subarachnoid blockade is a well-established practice. Objectives: This study aims to compare the effects of oral clonidine premedication versus placebo on the onset and duration of spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine. Materials and Methods: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 90 patients, divided into three groups: placebo (n = 30), clonidine-A (100 µg, n… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/396 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/396 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tomoe Fujita, Mariko Kamata, Yuji Kumagai, Masataka Majima Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: We have reported that the renal kallikrein–kinin system is involved in the diuretic action of potassium or furosemide in rats. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the renal kallikrein–kinin system is involved in the diuretic action of thiazides in rats. Materials and Methods: In the first study, indapamide (INDP) was administered at 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg/day, or a solvent, and urine was collected using metabolic cages at 0–6, 6–12, and 12–24 h. Urine output,… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/404 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/404 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Asiya Begum, Jithendra Chimakurthy, Vijayapandi Pandy, Ramya Durgesam Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit has a long history of traditional use for treating several health conditions, including symptoms of major depression and anxiety. Objectives: This study focused on evaluating the therapeutic potential of the methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn. fruit (MMC) and its ethyl acetate fraction (EAMMC) against alcohol withdrawal-induced symptoms like convulsion, anxiety, and anhedonia in mice using handling-induced convulsion (HIC), elevated… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/413 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/413 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: In Serbia, as well as worldwide, clinical trials are a significant and unavoidable part of the development of new medicines. There is limited research on prospective risk management in clinical trials in Serbia, underscoring the need for systematic approaches, such as the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method. The effectiveness of this complex process largely depends on knowledge and experience in the field of management. Like any other process, clinical trials are subject… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/422 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/422 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Dhruv Dhruv, Nitya K., Sandhya Sundar, Ramya Ramadoss, Suganya Panneer Selvam Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Sickle cell anemia is a monogenic hemoglobinopathy caused by a mutation in the β-globin gene (hemoglobin subunit beta, HBB), leading to the production of hemoglobin S (HbS). Under deoxygenated conditions, HbS polymerizes abnormally, causing red blood cells to adopt a sickled shape. This results in vaso-occlusion, hemolysis, and chronic organ damage. Current treatment options remain limited, necessitating the identification of novel therapeutic agents that can target the molecular… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/430 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/430 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Bala Ashwathy Radhakrishnan Malarvizhi, Indumathi Prabath, Sangeetha Raja, Jamuna Rani Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Opioids have been an integral part of pain management for many years. With the increasing global burden of opioid dependence, the development of non-opioid therapies provides a new framework for pain management. Suzetrigine is a stepping stone toward non-opioid treatment methods. Objectives: To summarize the pharmacological profile, preclinical and clinical trial evidence of suzetrigine in opioid-free pain management. Materials and Methods: Published research, clinical trial data,… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/441 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/441 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Safa S. Almarzoky Abuhussain, Waleed Amasaib Ahmed, Hind Hamad Alrowais, Hanan Mohamed Moalim Abdullahi, Amir Aziz Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Hand hygiene is the key to prevent spread of infections in any health care setting. It is vital to understand and assess health care students knowledge and understanding towards hand hygiene so that effective infection control can be ensured. Objectives: To examine the handwashing knowledge and practice of final year pharmacy, nursing, and medical students from Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online study questionnaire. Students… https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/448 https://www.jrnls.org/jpp/17/3/448 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Riya Karn, Anjali Kajal, Nidhi Gehlawat, Rohit Malik, Ganesh Narayan Sharma, Abdullah Abdu Hommdi, Mahdi Dafer Koriri, Ameer Alameer, Mohammed Ahmed Yahya Hassani, Abdullah Idris Qadh, Abdullah Mohammed Farasani, Jobran M. Moshi, Edrous Alamer, Nizar A. Khamjan, Ali A. Alqahtani, Syam Mohan Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics Background: Cancer is a complex condition defined by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells. Brain neoplasms, both primary and secondary, present a rising global health burden. Newer classification integrates key molecular markers; IDH mutation, 1p/19q co-deletion, and methylation promoter, enhancing diagnostic precision and guiding therapeutic targeted therapies. Objectives: This review provides comprehensive molecular insights into the multistep pathophysiology of brain tumours,…