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AJBLS · Lens · The Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Entamoeba spp. Infections in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review

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Review · Volume 12, Issue 2 · pp. 216–223

The Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Entamoeba spp. Infections in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review

Patricia Andrea I. Valenciano1, Amante C. Soriano III1, Hazel Mae L. Sisican1, Eloisa Fami I. Paragas1, Kayla T. Tabarina1, Kaycelyn B. Ramos1, Charlene Princess S. Tolenada1

  1. 1Department of Medical Technology, Institute of Health Sciences and Nursing, Far Eastern University – Manila, Nicanor Reyes St., Sampaloc, Manila, Metro Manila, PHILIPPINES.

Abstract

Background: Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection andEntamoebaspecies, specificallyEntamoeba histolyticaare known to infect billions worldwide – creating a global health problem; continues to be an international concern due to poor sanitation and unhygienic practices. The primary objective of this review is to evaluate the presence, prevalence, and trend of STH andEntamoebaspp., specifically,A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura,N. americanus,A. duodenale,E. histolytica,andE. disparin Southeast Asia.Materials and Methods: Materials and methods include gathering and evaluating peer-reviewed and credible journal articles that have met the set standards for this review through PRISMA.Results:Among the fourteen journals reviewed, the most prevalent parasite in Southeast Asia isA. lumbricoides,with 36%, followed byT. trichiuragarnered 35%, Hookworms, specifically,N. americanusand A. duodenale come third with 26%, and lastly,Entamoebaspp., specifically,E. histolyticaandE. disparcome last with 3% rating. Along with this, the review also found that the Philippines garnered the highest-tallied intestinal parasitic infection, while Cambodia has the lowest number of recorded infections in the reviewed journals. Furthermore, the trend of parasitic infection in Southeast Asia was found to be highest in 2017.Conclusion:This review found that common factors such as poor sanitary conditions, and poor hygiene practices, along with tropical to warm and humid weather affect the longevity of the STH and Entamoeba species life cycle in Southeast Asia.

Keywords: Entamoeba species; Intestinal Parasites; prevalence; Soil-Transmitted Helminths

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