Enhanced Antidiabetic Efficacy of Tetrahydrocurcumin and Galiic Acid on Hepatic and Renal Functional Markers and Protein Levels: A Comparative Study in Albino Wistar Rats

Background: Diabetic hepatopathy and nephropathy is the leading cause of end stage hepatic and renal disease in the Western world. In Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male albino rats, the antidiabetic and hepato-renal protective combined effects of Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and Gallic Acid (GA) were examined. Materials and Methods: The combination of Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and Gallic Acid (GA) shows a greater effect on antidiabetic and antioxidant effect. The present study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of THC and GA on liver and kidney markers and protein levels in Streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic rats. Results: When diabetic rats were given a combination of THC (60 mg/kg) and GA (15 mg/kg body weight) orally for 45 days, their blood glucose levels significantly decreased and their plasma insulin levels significantly increased. Serum bilirubin, Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), urea, and creatinine levels were significantly higher in the diabetic rats treated with THC and GA at the end of treatment compared to the diabetic control rat group. When compared to the diabetic control rat group, the serum levels of these liver and kidney-related indicators were considerably lower in the diabetic rats treated with THC and GA. In addition, compared to control rats, the diabetic rats showed decreased levels of plasma total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin ratio. Total protein, albumin, globulin, and the albumin/globulin ratio restored nearly normal levels after treatment with a combination of THC and GA. When compared to control rats, the activities of hepatic and renal indicators were significantly higher in diabetic rats; however, THC and GA treatment decreased these parameters restored to near normal levels. Conclusion: Treatment with THC and GA reversed these parameters to almost normal levels in diabetic rats, which reduced levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine with increasing levels. Histopathological analysis of the liver and kidney sections complemented these analytical findings. The combination of THC and GA was more potent than treatment with THC or GA alone in the rats.