Polyspice Extract Dependent ZnO Nanoparticle Synthesis, Characterization in Respective to Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity on Oral Pathogens

Background: Green Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) have many advantages in biomedical application due to nontoxic, ecofriendly and sustainability. The aim of the research was to synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle with phytochemical extracted from polyspice and to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Materials and Methods: Polyspice extract was prepared by Soxhlet extraction and ZnO NP were synthesized and characterized. The biopotential of ZnO on antioxidant and antibacterial was performed against oral pathogens. Results: The spices extract showed presence of all major phytochemicals and GCMS showed 10 different compounds. The reduction of ZnO NP confirmed by UV-vis absorption maxima at 240 nm. SEM, EDX and XRD confirmed crystalline rod 80-150 nm particles. Polyspice extract and ZnO nanoparticles showed an antibacterial effect that depended on how much of each was present. They act against both bacteria S. mutans and Fusobacterium sp. ZnO nanoparticles showed more activity, with the largest zones of inhibition (21.3 mm) at 100 µg, which is similar to chlorhexidine. The findings demonstrate that PS-ZnO nanoparticles exhibit considerable antibacterial properties and may function as viable alternatives for the management of oral pathogens. The antioxidant activity of polyspice extract, ZnO nanoparticles, and a standard compound exhibited a distinct concentration-dependent enhancement in DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and metal chelating assays. The polyspice extract showed very strong antioxidant activity, especially in the metal chelating assay (up to 86.66%), which shows that it has the most antioxidant potential. ZnO nanoparticles more activity than extract (up to about 87%), which is equal to the standard. Conclusion: This concludes that the prevention of oxidative damage by extract and ZnO NP. In addition, the green ZnO np were effectively inhibit the oral pathogen may helps to prevent tooth and gingival infection.