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FRA · Lens · under Increased Hydrogen Peroxide conditions, the Antioxidant Effects of Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense camb.) to decrease dnA damage in runners are Influenced by Sex, Age and oxidative Stress-related Genetic Polymorphisms

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Article · Volume 1, Issue 3 · pp. 27–39

under Increased Hydrogen Peroxide conditions, the Antioxidant Effects of Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense camb.) to decrease dnA damage in runners are Influenced by Sex, Age and oxidative Stress-related Genetic Polymorphisms

Ana Luisa Miranda-Vilela1, Penha Cristina Zaidan Alves1, Arthur Kenji Akimoto1, Graciana Souza Lordelo1, Maria de Nazaré Klautau-Guimarães1, Cesar Koppe Grisolia1

  1. 1Department of Genetics and Morphology, Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia/DF, Brazil.

Abstract

Context: Exhausting exercise, increasing reactive oxygen species, can overwhelm the endogenous antioxidant system’s capacity, resulting in oxidative damage to DNA. Deficient antioxidant defenses, influenced by certain genetic polymorphisms, may contribute.Aims: We aimed to investigate whether carotenoid-rich oil from pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) could decrease DNA damage in athletes submitted to increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) conditions and in those less genetically favored by antioxidant defenses.Methods and Material: Runners’ blood (N = 125) was analyzed after races under the same environment, type, intensity and length of weekly training conditions, before and after 14 days of pequi-oil supplementation. DNA damage was assessed by comet assay before and after H2O2 exposure, with gene polymorphisms of MnSOD Val9Ala, CAT –21A/T, GPx-1 Pro198Leu, del{GSTM1}, del{GSTT1}, ACE and Haptoglobin.Results: Without additional oxidative stress imposed by H2O2, pequi oil was particularly efficient reducing DNA damage for women, age group of 20-40 years, distance of 8-10 Km and genotypes MnSOD Val/Ala, CAT TT, GPx-1 Pro/Leu, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 non-null, ACE DD and II and Hp1F-2. For treatment with H2O2 at 0.25 mM, pequi oil resulted in decreased DNA damage only for running 16-21 Km; for treatment with 1 mM, decrease was for 20-40 years and genotypes GPx-1 Pro/Pro and ACE ID.Conclusions: Pequi oil’s effect on exercise-induced DNA damage was therefore influenced by sex, age and genetic polymorphisms, indicating that: long-distance races can be harmful, mainly for older athletes, due to oxidative stress above organism adaptability; genotypes showed different responses; under increased H2O2 conditions, GPx-1 Pro/Pro and ACE ID genotypes were more responsive to antioxidant supplementation.

Keywords: reactive oxygen species; hydrogen peroxide; exercise-induced oxidative stress; exercise-induced DNA damage; comet assay; gene polymorphisms related to oxidative stress

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