Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Biology and Promise for Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) offer great potential in regenerative medicine. Odontoblasts are naturally occurring cells that are responsible for constructing dentin for restorative dental purposes. Yet, their potential for use in the restoration of non-dental tissues is also being explored. Because of their similarities to BMSCs, DPSCs may be useful in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine, and they may be easily separated from teeth that have been pulled. Information on stem cells in dental pulp, transplantation, and immunomodulation was culled from the databases Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Differentiated Pluripotent Stem Cells (DPSCs) are not derived from bone marrow like BMSCs are. These phenotypic and genetic distinctions from BMSCs are being used in neurological and other settings. Pulp tissue regeneration and the therapeutic potential of DPSCs were discussed in this article. Prior to discussing their extensive uses in regenerative medicine, this article provides a brief background on the discovery and function of DPSCs.

Keywords: Regenerative medicine; DPSCs; Regenerative dentistry; Immune regulation; Allogeneic transplantation; Mesenchymal stem cells