Investigation of Phytochemical Profile of Ethanolic Extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus and Desmostachya bipinnata

Abstract

The present study is designed to evaluate the phytochemical profile of Elaeocarpus ganitrus and Desmostachya bipinnata. Extraction was performed using ethanol as a solvent for both the plants. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed to determine presence of secondary metabolites present in the plants. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using recommended methods. Results showed that the yield of the E. ganitrus extract was 25.14%; however, it was 11.25% for D. bipinnata extract. The ethanolic extract of E. ganitrus showed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenol, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and fixed oils. On the other hand, D. bipinnata extracts showed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenol, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids and terpenoids. Proteins and amino acids were not present in both the plant extracts. It was revealed from the results that total phenolic content was 214.5 mg/g in E. ganitrus and 134.6 mg/g in D. bipinnata. However, flavonoid content was 83.56 mg/g and 67.90 mg/g in E. ganitrus and D. bipinnata ethanolic extracts, respectively. The present study revealed that E. ganitrus and D. bipinnata extracts were rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The plants extract also possess several phytoconstituents that may be responsible for their therapeutic activity. The results of these investigations are expected to help in correct identification, characterization and other relevant findings.

Keywords: Elaeocarpus ganitrus; Desmostachya bipinnata; Grass; Phenolic compounds; Flavonoids