Effect of Pharmaceutical Care Services Provided by Clinical Pharmacists on Type-2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to provide diabetic pharmaceutical care and evaluate the effect in terms of glycaemic control and blood pressure.Methods: Randomized, interventional, controlled and comparative clinical study was conducted recruiting a total of 152 type 2 Diabetes mellitus outpatients. The control group received only common clinical care from medical staff, whereas the intervention group received additional pharmaceutical care from clinical pharmacists. Biochemical data such as blood pressure, fasting and post prandial blood sugar were collected pre and post intervention. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire was administered to both groups before and after intervention. Changes in outcome were measured using t-test and independent t-test. For statistical significance, P<0.05 was considered.Results: In the intervention group, significant decrease in the FBS from 182.98 ± 33.37 (mean ± SD) to 121.59 ± 17.43, PPBS from 227.15 ± 66.95 to 156.67 ± 18.50, systolic BP from 137.61 ± 22.95 to 118.76 ± 7.89 and diastolic BP from 89.32 ± 10.09 to 80.53 ± 6.91 was observed and increase in the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) of patient was observed from pre-questionnaire 24.57 ± 2.8 to post-questionnaire scoring 33.95 ± 3.82, which was statistically significant (p<0.001), but no significant improvement in the control group was observed.Conclusion: Present study outcomes indicate that Pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists improves the control of diabetes and patient’s knowledge, awareness and attitude about the disease and medicines can do productive changes in the glycemic control.

Keywords: Diabetes; Pharmaceutical Care; Type 2 Diabetes; KAP; Clinical pharmacists