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PR · Lens · Cytotoxic Compounds from Wrightia pubescens (R.Br.)

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Article · Volume 10, Issue 1 · pp. 9–15

Cytotoxic Compounds from Wrightia pubescens (R.Br.)

Mariquit M. De Los Reyes1,2, Glenn G. Oyong2,3, Vincent Antonio S. Ng4, Chien‑Chang Shen5, Consolacion Y. Ragasa4,6

  1. 1Biology Department, De La Salle University Laguna Campus, Biñan City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.
  2. 2Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue,Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.
  3. 3Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.
  4. 4Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, PHILIPPINES.
  5. 5National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei 112, TAIWAN.
  6. 6Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Laguna Campus, Biñan City, Laguna 4024, PHILIPPINES.

Abstract

Background: Mixtures of ursolic acid (1) and oleanolic acid (2) (1:1 and 1:2), oleanolic acid (2), squalene (3), chlorophyll a (4), wrightiadione (5), and α‑amyrin acetate (6) were isolated from the dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) extracts of the leaves and twigs of Wrightia pubescens (R.Br.).Objectives: To test for the cytotoxicity potentials of 1–6.Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative activities of 1–6 against three human cancer cell lines, breast (MCF‑7) and colon (HT‑29 and HCT‑116), and a normal cell line, human dermal fibroblast neonatal (HDFn), were evaluated using the PrestoBlue® cell viability assay.Results: Compounds 4, 1and 2 (1:2), 2, 1and 2 (1:1), and 5 exhibited the most cytotoxic effects against HT‑29 with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.68, 0.74, 0.89, 1.70, and 4.07 μg/mL, respectively. Comparing 2 with its 1:1 mixture with 1 (IC50 = 1.70 and 7.18 μg/mL for HT‑29 and HCT‑116, respectively) and 1:2 mixture with 1(0.74 and 3.46 μg/mL for HT‑29 and HCT‑116, respectively), 2 also showed strong cytotoxic potential against HT‑29 and HCT‑116 (0.89 and 2.33 μg/mL, respectively). Unlike the mixtures which exhibited low effects on MCF‑7 (IC50 = 20.75 and 30.06 μg/mL for 1:1 and 1:2, respectively), 2showed moderate activity against MCF‑7 (10.99 μg/mL). Compound 6 showed the highest cytotoxicity against HCT‑116 (IC50 = 4.07 μg/mL).Conclusion: Mixtures of 1 and 2(1:1 and 1:2),2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 from the CH2Cl2 extracts of the leaves and twigs of W. pubescens (R.Br.) exhibited varying cytotoxic activities. All the compounds except 6 exhibited the strongest cytotoxic effects against HT‑29. On the other hand, 6 was most cytotoxic against HCT‑116. Overall, the toxicities of 1–6were highest against HT‑29, followed by HCT‑116 and MCF‑7. All the compounds showed varying activities against HDFn (IC50 <30 μg/mL).

Keywords: Apocynaceae; Chlorophyll a; cytotoxicity; Half maximal inhibitory concentration; HCT‑116; HDFn; HT‑29; MCF‑7; Oleanolic acid; PrestoBlue® cell viability assay; Squalene; Ursolic acid; Wrightia pubescens R. Brown; Wrightiadione; α‑amyrin acetate

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