Article · Volume 14, Issue 1 · pp. 24–29

Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-pyretic Activities of Crinum pedunculatum R.Br. Bulb Extracts

Peace Doe^1,2, Cynthia Amaning Danquah¹, Kwasi Adomako Ohemeng³, Ako Ernest Opare², Ahmed Sharif², Dorcas Akua-Abora², Asamoah Kwame Akuoko², Aaron Kpabitey², Emmanuel Quarshie², Oliver Opoku Asante², Elvis Kwadwo Amponsah², Mariyana Mutwaliku², Charlotte Nuro-Brefo², Micheal Ofori¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, GHANA.
²Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Central University, GHANA.
³Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University, GHANA.

Abstract

Background: Crinum pedunculatum R.Br. bulbs are used for the topical management of inflammation by traditional healers in the southern region of Ghana.Objectives: This study aims to assess the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activities of different solvent extracts of Crinum pedunculatum.Methods: The analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activities of the bulb extracts of Crinum pedunculatum were determined in rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. The acetic acid induced writhing test was used to determine the analgesic activity, carrageenan was employed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity, and Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia was studied to evaluate the extract’s anti-pyretic activity.Results: All solvent extracts of Crinum pedunculatum significantly decreased (P< 0.001) the frequency of writhing in rats at all doses with 400 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract showing a 98% inhibition comparable to that obtained with diclofenac sodium at 94%. These extracts also caused the inhibition of the increase in paw diameter induced by the administration of carrageenan with 400 mg/kg of the ethyl acetate extract of Crinum pedunculatum causing a 97% inhibition of paw oedema. All doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of the methanol extract caused a significant decrease (P < 0.0001) in the temperature of rats induced via the administration of yeast with ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts also showed a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in rectal temperature.Conclusion: These results obtained indicate that the methanolic, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Crinum pedunculatumR.Br. possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities.

Keywords: Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory; Anti-pyretic; Crinum pedunculatum; Rats

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