Investigation of Lupinus angustifolius Extracts against High-Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a global health concern, affecting a significant portion of the population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing globally due to the rising of obesity and physical inactivity.Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated Lupinus angustifolius seeds for their potential in alleviating metabolic abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome induced by High Fructose Diet.Materials and Methods: Hexane and ethyl acetate seeds extracts of L. angustifolius(HELA and EAELA) were screened for phytochemical constituents. Normoglycemic male albino Wistar rats were distributed into 6 groups with 6 in each. Fructose solution (10% w/v) administered p.o. for 8 weeks caused induction of Metabolic Disorder. The metabolic parameters were assessed and recorded before and after the administration of 200 mg/kg of extracts over 8 weeks.Results: Preliminary screening demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides among others from both extracts. HELA and EAELA showed a significant (p<0.001) decrease in obesity. They also led to significantly (p<0.001) decreased expression of inflammatory mediators like IL-6, TGFβ, and TNF-α. Hematological parameters exhibited improvement whereas HbA1C expressed a significant (p<0.001) increase in plasma insulin and HOMA IR revealed a significant (p<0.001) decrease in insulin resistance when compared to disease control. Metabolic hormone levels also showed a positive change after administration where leptin and adiponectin levels are decreased (p<0.001 and p<0.1 respectively) and gherlin levels were increased non-significantly (p<0.05). Antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant potential of the extracts was more proficient.Conclusion: The EAELA at 200 mg/kg displayed significant capacity in inhibiting the Metabolic Syndrome induced by High fructose diet when compared to that of HELA at 200 mg/kg which was effective in comparison with Standard.

Keywords: Hematological parameters; Hepatic lipid regulation; Lupinus angustifolius; Oxidative stress; Simvastatin