Macro-Microscopical and Histochemical Analysis of Justicia tranquebariensis L. (Acanthaceae): A Woody Undershrub

Abstract

Background Medicinal plants are a crucial source of therapeutic agents for treating various human ailments. Justicia tranquebariensis, a small woody shrub widely distributed in southern India is traditionally used for managing conditions such as respiratory problems, kidney infections, gastrointestinal diseases, anemia and more. Despite its extensive use in traditional medicine, detailed pharmacognostic studies on this plant are limited. Materials and Methods Sections were prepared using a rotary microtome and histochemical analysis was conducted following standard protocols. Results The macroscopical, microscopical and histochemical studies revealed the occurrence of key phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, starch and saponins. These findings contribute to the understanding of the plant’s medicinal properties and provide a foundation for future pharmacological research.

Keywords: Justicia tranquebariensis; Macroscopical study; Microscopical study; Histochemical analysis