Phytotomy and Microchemistry of Peperomia tetraphylla G. (Forst.) Hook. & Arn.: A Lead to Accurate Identification

Abstract

Background Our study aims to explore the anatomical characters of Peperomia tetraphylla, commonly called four-leaved peperomia and belonging to the family Piperaceae. Objectives The investigation was undertaken to address the dearth of existing reports on the anatomical and histochemical aspects of Peperomia tetraphylla. Materials and Methods Plant materials were collected, identified and preserved in Formalin-Aceto-Alcohol (FAA). The preserved specimens were sectioned using a rotatory microtome and stained with Toluidine blue, safranin and astra blue. Powder Microscopic studies and histochemical analysis were done using standard procedure. Results Peperomia tetraphylla is a succulent herb with spike inflorescence of minute, perianthless flowers. The stem outline was undulate with cutinized single layered epidermis having glandular trichomes. Scattered collateral vascular bundles were present in the parenchymatous ground tissue. The section of the petiole shows a distinct epidermis with glandular trichomes. Vascular bundles are arranged in crescent shaped manner in ground tissue. Histochemical analysis shown the presence of alkaloids, tannins, starch, cutin, lignin, resin and crystals in various zone of leaf and stem of Peperomia tetraphylla. Conclusion These characteristics are essential since it portrays the physical appearance of the plants which helps to regulate the genuineness of the drug.

Keywords: Histochemistry; Microscopic; Peperomia tetraphylla; Piperaceae; Powder microscopy