Ethanolic Extract of aerial parts of Achyranthes aspera Attenuates Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin in Rat

Abstract

Background The chemotherapeutic agents used to treat cancer are known to possess potent adverse effects like nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity among others. Objectives The aim of this current study happened to be the isolation of phytoconstituent from Achyranthes aspera and assess the protective effect of the compound against cisplatin-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods Toluene: Ethyl Acetate (9:1) was used as the solvent system to isolate the phenolic compound from ethanolic extract of the leaves and stem of A. aspera. The isolated compounds were studied using mass spectroscopy, 1H NMR, FT-IR and UV. The effect of the isolated phenolic was assessed by study of various factors like body weight, organ weight, serum biomarkers and histopathological studies. Results The treatment of cisplatin led to a significant increase the weight of the organs, hepatic and kidney biomarkers in serum suggesting toxicity whereas the the isolated component reversed the elevated levels (p<0.05 compared to positive control). Conclusion It could be concluded from the results that pretreatment with isolated component (coumarin) was able to attenuate the hepato-and nephron-toxicity induced by anticancer drug cisplatin.

Keywords: Achyranthes aspera; Cisplatin; Hepatotoxicity; Isolation; Nephrotoxicity