Article · Volume 2, Issue 6 · pp. 325–329

Secondary metabolites and bioactivities of Myrtus communis

Mahmoud I. Nassar¹, El-Sayed A. Aboutabl³, Rania F. Ahmed¹, Ezzel-Din A. El-Khrisy¹, Khaled M. Ibrahim³, Amany A. Sleem²

¹aDepartments of Chemistry of Natural Compounds
²Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
³Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background Myrtus species are characterized by the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, volatile oils and fatty acids. They are remedies for variety of ailments. This study therefore investigated medicinal effects of Myrtus communis L. Methods Bioactivity studies of Myrtus communis L. leaves were carried out on volatile oil, 7% methanol and aqueous extracts and the isolated compounds myricetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-∝-rhamnopyranoside and gallic acid. Results Determination of the median lethal dose (LD50) revealed that the volatile oil, alcoholic and aqueous extracts were practically nontoxic and highly safe as no lethality was observed. The tested materials (volatile oil, alcoholic and aqueous extracts, myricetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-∝-rhamnopyranoside and gallic acid) showed significant antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects as compared with control groups and reference drugs. Conclusion Administration of extracts of M. communis leaves could be safe at the dose used in this study.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemic; anti-inflammatory; antinociceptive; LD50; Myrtus communis; Volatile oil

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