Pharmacological Screening of Trachyspermum ammi for Antihyperlipidemic Activity in Triton X‑100 Induced Hyperlipidemia Rat Model

Abstract

Background: Mortality rate is increasing due to cardiovascular problems throughout the world. These cardiac problems are directly associated with dyslipidemia.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic effect of aqueous extract and methanol extract of Trachyspermum ammi at 1 g/kg, 3 g/kg, and 5 g/kg dose levels in rats.Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 45 male albino rats were used and randomly divided into nine equal groups (n = 5). The lipid levels were increased after 24 h of single intraperitoneal injection of Triton X‑100 (100 mg/kg) in rats. Aqueous and methanol extracts equivalent to 1 g/kg, 3 g/kg, and 5 g/kg were administered orally to the rats for 21 days. Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) was used as standard drug. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2nd, 9th, 16th, and 23rd day by a direct cardiac puncture in Vacuette® heparin tubes. Serum was separated and then analyzed for lipid profile, liver function test (LFT), and renal function test (RFT) using standard diagnostic kits.Results: Results showed that extracts at 3 g/kg and 5 g/kg decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low‑density lipoprotein and increased high‑density lipoprotein concentration in serum. T. ammialso decreased LFT and RFT parameters at the end of the study.Conclusion: T. ammipossessed antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities along with hepato‑ and nephro‑protective effects.

Keywords: Antihyperlipidemic effect; hepatoprotective; oxidative stress; Trachyspermum ammi