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IJPER · Lens · The Effectiveness of Chitosan- Pinus merkusii Extract Nanoparticle as Antioxidant and Anti-caspase 3 in against Lead Acetate Toxicity on the Lung of Wistar Rat

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Article · Volume 53, Issue 2S · pp. s135–s142

The Effectiveness of Chitosan- Pinus merkusii Extract Nanoparticle as Antioxidant and Anti-caspase 3 in against Lead Acetate Toxicity on the Lung of Wistar Rat

Sri Agus Sudjarwo1, Giftania Wardani2, Koerniasari Eraiko3, Koerniasari Koerniasari4, Ernawati Ernawati5

  1. 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.
  2. 2Department of Pharmacy Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.
  3. 3Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.
  4. 4Study Program of Environmental Health, Polytechnic of Health, Surabaya, INDONESIA.
  5. 5Department of P3M, STIKES Delima Persada, Gresik, INDONESIA.

Abstract

Background: The antioxidants can be used for protective in oxidative stress that is one of the important mechanisms of lead acetate-induced lung toxicity.Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of Chitosan- Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle as antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 in against lead acetate-induced lung toxicity on wistar rats.Methods: Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The male rats were divided into control group (Rats were given with distilled water); lead acetate group (Rats were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg BW i.p) and the treatment group (Rats were given the Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 150 mg; 300 mg; 600 mg/kg BW orally and were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg BW). The lung tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), histological evaluations of lung damage and immunohistochemical of the expression of caspase 3.Results: The results of DLS showed that the size of Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle was 430.5±24.8 nm. SEM images of the Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticles showed an irregular shape and the morphology surface showed the rough surface. Administration of lead acetate resulted in a significant increase in MDA level, caspase 3 expression and decrease in level of SOD and GPx. Treatment with the Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 600 mg/kg BW but not 150 and 300 mg/kg BW significantly decreased the MDA levels, caspase 3 expression and also increase in level of SOD and GPx were compared with lead acetate group. The lead acetate-induced thickened the alveolar septa and loss of the normal structure of lung cells (Necrosis), whereas treated with Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle inhibited lung cell necrosis.Conclusion: From the results of this study demonstrated that Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle could be a potent against lead acetate- induced lung toxicity, through increasing antioxidant and inhibiting caspase 3 expression.

Keywords: Chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle; Antioxidant; Caspase 3; Lead acetate; Lung toxicity

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