Development and Application of Lipid Nanotechnology on Infectious Diseases of CNS- Current Scenario

Abstract

Background: This is an era of inventive technology illuminating fundamental mechanisms of diseases and fabricating drug molecules according to prerequisite condition, but it is still a challenge to target infectious diseases specially in CNS due to various restrictions of drug delivery to the brain and drawbacks of various conventional antimicrobial agents. These are prone to development of multiple drug resistances as sufficient amount of drug cannot reach to the site of infection.Materials and Methods: This review summarizes the problems associated with the amount of drug delivered to CNS and the emergence of new tools like lipid nanoparticles to deal with the current challenges in treating infectious diseases of CNS.Results: This article discusses the anatomical and physiological barriers of CNS and development of various drug delivery system, specially the development of lipid nanoparticles including solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, lipid drug conjugated nanoparticles to address the challenges.Conclusion: This article is an extensive review on current status of drug therapy of infectious diseases of CNS. Lipid nanoparticles like SLN and NLCs have proven to be effective tools for improved drug delivery to CNS and PNS.

Keywords: Multiple drug resistance; Solid lipid nanoparticles; Nanostructured lipid; carriers; Lipid drug conjugated nanoparticles; CNS; Blood-brain barrier