In vivo and in vitro Hyperglycaemic Screening of Adenocalymma alliaceum Miers, A Promising Herb

Abstract

Background: Ajos sacha is a shrubby herb and has attracted scientists’ attention due to its antioxidative, antineoplastic, larvicidal, and antibacterial properties. Hence, Ajos sacha assessed in vitro and in vivo diabetes protective properties.Materials and Methods: The methodology started with the quantitative phytochemical estimation of ethanolic extract of Adenocalymma alliaceum (EEAA). Then, the extract was studied for cytotoxicity, glucose utilization, and GLUT-4 redistribution. In vivo study, comprising six groups of Wistar rats. Different parameters of diabetes, antioxidant properties, and lipid profile were performed.Results: Phytochemical screening demonstrated positive results in phenolic compounds, tannins, and flavonoids. The EEAA found a minimal level of toxicity, with no dosages tested causing 50% cell death. EEAA had shown GLUT-4 redistribution assay in a dose-dependent manner on cell line procedure. After NOAEL on acute toxicity, glucose level, metabolic symptoms, serum creatinine, serum urea, and lipid profile were normal under EEAA treatment, and bodyweight, high-density lipoprotein, and protein levels increased. The liver homogenate included more antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The histopathological analysis also reveals EEAA’s ability to protect pancreatic β-cell from damage.Conclusion: The current investigation found the blossoms of Ajos sacha to restore glucose abnormalities in the body.

Keywords: β-cell; Alloxan monohydrate; Adenocalymma alliaceum; Glucose utilization; GLUT-4 redistribution; Diabetes Mellitus