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IJPER · Lens · Preclinical Studies of Euphorbia lactea Aerial Extract on Atherogenic-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis

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Article · Volume 58, Issue 4 · pp. 1149–1156

Preclinical Studies of Euphorbia lactea Aerial Extract on Atherogenic-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis

Zubair Khan1, Nazia Siddiqui1, Garima Agarwal1, Anurag Chaudhary1, Syed Salman Ali2, Abdel-Nasser El-Shorbagi3, Sachin Chaudhary3, Prabhash Nath Tripathi1

  1. 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, NH-58, Baghpat Road Crossing, Bypass Road, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
  2. 2Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
  3. 3Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES.

Abstract

Background Atherosclerosis is a complex progressive pathological process that produces lesions in the inner wall of an artery because of the abnormal lipid metabolism, and dysregulation of inflammatory processes. Increased levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Total Cholesterol (TC) lead to hyperlipidaemia which is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods This research comprises the assessment of hydro-alcoholic extract of the aerial part of Euphorbia lactea on high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats. The hydroalcoholic extract with doses (200 and 400 mg/kg body mass, p.o.) was assessed for hypolipidaemic activity. The blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes at the end of the experiment, and then centrifuged and collected the supernatant to determine Triglyceride (TG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), LDL, TC, and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL). The atherosclerotic markers including Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Aspartate Transaminase (AST) section of heart aorta were examined by histopathology. Results The results exhibited significantly reduced TG, LDL, TC, and VLDL levels. However, the HDL level was significantly increased as compared with induced rats. This current research demonstrated the anti-atherogenic potential of hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial part of E. lactea. Conclusion Overall, the results revealed that plant extract at different doses lowered LDL and TC levels significantly. Hence it could be used to benefit from atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors inclusive of heart attack, and stroke. Furthermore, it might be used as a traditional medicine against CVD and beneficial in the treatment of hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; High-fat diet; Hypolipidemic; E. lactea; Heart attack; Stroke

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