Elucidating Potential of Dietary PUFAs (Ω-3) In Tackling Cytokine Storm Syndrome by Attenuation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract

Background The study aims to examines PUFAs precisely ω-3 potential in tackling Cytokine storm syndrome. Study also investigates PUFAs: ω-3 in regulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome during respiratory viral infections. Materials and Methods To find the most relevant studies, an in-depth review of the literature published in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was conducted. The most relevant studies associated role of PUFAs in regulation of pro inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, acute respiratory distress syndrome was considered for the data extraction and interpretation of findings. Results PUFAs and their catalytic products via lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase results in an array of bioactive lipid mediators called as specialized pro-resolving mediators effectively resole the inflammation. Here, pro inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in case of SARS-CoV2 and IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-15 and IL-17 in respiratory viral infection reported up regulated and pose uncontrolled production of other immune mediator leading to CSS. PUFAs: ω-3 not only down regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines but also up regulates anti-inflammatory cytokine and facilitates resolution of inflammation. Dietary intake of PUFAs: ω-3 offer a protective role in the acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with cytokine storm. PUFAs: ω-3 and enzymatic metabolites decrease risk of systemic inflammation, multi-organ dysfunction and multi-organ failure due to the respiratory viral infection associated complications. Conclusion Clinical evidences demonstrated that the dietary PUFAs (ω-3) and their enzymatic catalytic products i.e. SPMs possess anti-inflammatory potential by down regulating production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Keywords: Cytokine Storm Syndrome; Respiratory Virus Infections; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Inflammatory Cytokines; Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids; Omega 3