Anticancer Potential of Didymin by Inducing Apoptosis in Thyroid Cancer TPC-1 Cells

Abstract

Background: Thyroid cancer, a tumor arising from the thyroid gland, impacts a considerable portion of the population, with incidence rates exhibiting an upward trend globally. The mortality rates for thyroid cancer are rather low; yet, the increasing occurrence demands a comprehensive study of its epidemiology.Objectives: The present study assessed the efficacy of didymin in efficiently eliminating thyroid cancer cells by inhibiting viability and enhancing apoptosis, thereby hindering the growth of thyroid cancer cells.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic levels of didymin against thyroid cancer TPC-1 cells were evaluated. The Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was conducted using kits. Apoptotic cell death levels in the didymin-treated TPC-1 cells were evaluated using a dual staining technique. The caspase-3, -8, and -9 enzyme activities in the cells were evaluated using test kits.Results: The treatment of various concentrations of didymin significantly reduced the viability and increased the LDH activity in the thyroid cancer TPC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The didymin treatment at 20 µM concentration markedly enhanced apoptosis in TPC-1 cells. In addition, didymin treatment also markedly enhanced the caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities in the TPC-1 cells.Conclusion: In conclusion, our present research demonstrates didymin as a promising antitumor agent for thyroid cancer in vitro by reducing cell growth and promoting caspase-mediated apoptosis in TPC-1 cells. These results highlight that didymin can be a hopeful option to treat thyroid cancer.

Keywords: TPC-1 cell line; Lactate dehydrogenase; Didymin; Apoptosis; Thyroid cancer