Preparation and evaluation of chitosan microspheres containing nicorandil

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of present study was to develop chitosan-based sustained release nicorandil microspheres to reduce the dosing frequency.Materials and Methods: The nicorandil-loaded chitosan microspheres were formulated by emulsion crosslinking method. A 32 factorial design was employed to study the infl uence of drug: Polymer ratio and volume of glutaraldehyde (GA) on percentage entrapment effi ciency, particle size, and % drug release at 8 h.Results: The entrapment effi ciency was found to be 41.67 ± 1.43-77.33 ± 1.97% and particle size range 65.67 ± 2.08-146.67 ± 2.18 μm. The batch CH5 showed 79.11 ± 2.23 and 96.21 ± 2.41% drug release at 8 and 12 h, respectively.Conclusions: Drug: Polymer ratio and volume of GA had signifi cant effect on % entrapment effi ciency, particle size, and % drug release. From the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study observed that microspheres were spherical and fairly smooth surface. Fickian diffusion was the mode of drug release from nicorandil-loaded chitosan microspheres formulations.

Keywords: Chitosan; emulsion crosslinking method; glutaraldehyde; microspheres; nicorandil