Effect of losartan and atenolol on insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic hypertensive patients

Abstract

Objective: To study the effects of losartan and atenolol on glucometabolic parameters in nondiabetic hypertensive patients.Materials and Methods: In a prospective, open‑label, parallel group study, nondiabetic patients with mild to moderate hypertension were randomized to either losartan (titrated from 50 to 100 mg/day, n = 20) or atenolol (titrated from 25 mg to 100 mg/day, n = 20) for period of 24 weeks. At baseline, 12 and 24 weeks fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‑IR) apart from lipid parameters, mean systolic, and diastolic blood pressures levels were determined.Results: At the end of study, losartan significantly (P < 0.05) reduced FPG, FPI, and HOMA‑IR compared to atenolol and baseline. While atenolol increased the HOMA‑IR levels significantly compared to the baseline.Conclusions: Losartan improved the insulin sensitivity while atenolol worsened it. Losartan is better than atenolol for its effects on the glucose‑insulin metabolism.

Keywords: Atenolol; hypertension; insulin resistance; losartan