Epidemiological Study of Risk Factors in Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Recent ecological study for major CVD risk factors and mortality indicates a high correlation between expected and observed mortality rates for three major risk factors- hypertension, diabetes, smoking. Survivor of MI are at higher risk of recurrent infarction than in people who don’t have coronary heart disease.Objectives: To evaluate the risk factors of Myocardial Infarction among cardiac patients and provide patient education in order to minimize risk factors.Methods: A prospective and observational study was conducted on 500 medical records of cardiac department. Data was collected by using a case report form from September 2019 to December 2019 and then analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20.0 software.Results: We have assessed around 500 myocardial infarction cases, Out of which higher proportion of risk factors in myocardial infarction patients has been observed in Coronary Artery Disease (31%), Hypertension (20.9%), followed by Diabetes Mellitus (15.01%), Smoking (12.5%), Alcohol consumption (12.3%), Obesity (3.09%) and any coexisting diseases (4.75%).Conclusion: On the whole, this study indicates that evaluation of risk factors provides new scope for the development of more effective approaches to prevent the recurrent chances of myocardial infarction by providing patient education and life style modification.

Keywords: Hypertension; Myocardial Infarction; Patient education; Risk factors