Neuropeptide Y3-36-loaded PVAX Nanoparticles Enhance Angiogenesis in Myocardial Ischemia

Background: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an abundant sympathetic co-transmitter widely found in the heart, as it affects cardiac function. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effect of PVAX nanoparticles carrying NPY3-36 (PVAX-NPY3-36) on acute myocardial ischemia. Materials and Methods: A double emulsification assay was conducted to load NPY3-36 onto the PVAX. With 11 untreated mice taken as a sham group, 38 mice were induced with left anterior descending artery ischemia, and some received PVAX- NPY3-36 or normal saline (Vehicle group). Upon evaluating heart function and echocardiographic data, all mouse tissues (n = 49) were collected 2 weeks later for Western blot and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analyses. Results: The presence of PVAX-NPY3-36 induced reduced infarct size and mortality (p = .01 and p = .05), accompanied by increased systolic and diastolic parameters and elevation of stroke volume and cardiac function. Furthermore, upon treatment with PVAX-NPY3-36, ischemic tissues exhibited increased expression levels of pro-angiogenic factors. Conclusion: Collectively, administration with NPY3-36 using PVAX nanoparticles promotes angiogenesis and alleviates the damage caused by myocardial ischemia.