Protective Role of Corosolic Acid Against the Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice Through the Suppression of Inflammatory Response

Background: Allergic rhinitis, a worldwide health issue, is defined by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammation of nasal mucosa, resulting in symptoms like sneezing and nasal obstruction. The increasing incidence of allergic rhinitis globally intensifies the burden on healthcare systems, requiring thorough methods for effective management and prevention. Objectives: The current study evaluated the effects of corosolic acid against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis in mice. Materials and Methods: Allergic rhinitis was triggered in mice with intraperitoneal injection of OVA (1 mg/mL) combined with aluminum hydroxide (20 mg/mL; 0.1 mL/mouse). Corosolic acid was treated at concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/ kg, respectively. The analysis of nasal symptoms (nasal rubbings and sneezing) was conducted on the final day of the OVA challenge. The histamine and allergen-specific IgE concentrations in the experimental mice were evaluated utilizing kits. The inflammatory cytokine levels were evaluated in the mice utilizing assay kits. Results: The treatment of corosolic acid in the OVA-induced mice led to a significant diminution in nasal rubbings and instances of sneezing. In allergic rhinitis-induced mice, corosolic acid treatment effectively reduced the histamine, OVA- specific IgE, and eosinophil infiltration levels. Furthermore, the corosolic acid treatment markedly decreased the inflammatory biomarker levels in the OVA-induced mice with allergic rhinitis. Conclusion: In conclusion, the current data demonstrated that corosolic acid significantly reduced inflammatory and allergic reactions in OVA-challenged mice. These findings suggest that corosolic acid may be an effective therapeutic agent for treating and preventing allergic rhinitis.