Scanning electron microscopic observations on the in vitro anthelmintic effects of Millettia pachycarpa on Raillietina

Abstract

The ethanolic extract from the root bark of Millettia pachycarpa, traditionally used as a remedy for gastrointestinal infections among the Mizo tribes of north-east India, was tested in vitro to evaluate its anthelmintic activity on the poultry intestinal tapeworm, Raillietina echinobothrida. On treatment of the parasites with varying concentrations of the plant extract, viz, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg ml-1, a dose-dependent lethal efficacy was observed. Scanning electron microscopy revealed extensive distortion and destruction on the surface fine topography of the worm. Focal truncation with formation of pits and vacuoles on the tegument were evident. Deformities on the scolex with its suckers were particularly conspicuous at the anterior extremity. The observations hereby suggest that there is credibility to the use of M. pachycarpa root bark as an anthelmintic agent.

Keywords: Anthelmintic; Millettia pachycarpa; scanning electron microscopy; Raillietina echinobothrida