Article · Volume 9, Issue 35 · pp. 166–170

Orthogonal test design for optimizing the extraction of total flavonoids from Inula helenium

Chun-Yan Guo², Jin Wang³, Yong Hou³, Yong-Ming Zhao³, Li-Xia Shen³, Dan-Shen Zhang^2,4

¹Department of Graduate, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China.
²Department of Pharmacy, HeBei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.
³HeBei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.

Abstract

Background: Inula helenium, which belongs to thecomposite family, is an important crude drug in traditional Chinese medicine.Materials and Methods: The effects of ethanol concentration, liquid to solid ratio, extraction temperature, and duration of microwave irradiation on the flavonoid extraction yield were studied through a single-factor experiment. An orthogonal array (L9(34)) was then constructed to achieve the best extraction conditions.Results: Variance analysis revealed that ethanol concentration significantly affected the extraction yield. The optimal conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration, 50% (v/v); liquid to solid ratio, 15:1; duration of microwave irradiation, 240 s; and extraction temperature, 60°C.Conclusion: Under these optimal conditions, the total flavonoid yield was 18.34 ± 0.64 mg/g. The use of a microwave-assisted process dramatically reduced the time needed for extraction of flavonoids from I. helenium.

Keywords: Inula helenium; microwave–assisted extraction; orthogonal design; total flavonoids

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