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Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciencesNOW IN
Article

The Effect of High Fructose Corn Syrup on SCC-9 Cells Regulated by G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest via Apoptosis Induction

Kalimuthu Kavitha1, Ganapathy Sindhu1,2★, Marimuthu Porkodi1, Kumarasamypillai Radha Thayammal Asha3, Veeran Veeravarmal4, Annamalai Vijayalakshmi5★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  2. 2Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  3. 3Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College, Paramakudi, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  4. 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  5. 5Plant Head and Director, Galileovasan offshore and Research and Development Private Limited, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.

CORRESPONDENCE

Ganapathy Sindhu

Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.

ganapathysindhu@gmail.com

Received: 22-06-2023; Revised: 17-07-2023; Accepted: 15-09-2023.

Volume 12, Issue 2 · pp. 386–394 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.51

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ABSTRACT

Aim: The current study’s objective was to assess high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) affected oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) SCC-9 cells through apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and the cell cycle. Materials and Methods: The MTT experiment showed that treatment of SCC-9 cells with HFCS causes internucleosomal DNA breakage and loss of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 679.2 µM. PI and Annexin-FITC labelling were utilized to evaluate the apoptotic nuclear characteristics and migration by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry during HFCS therapy for apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Results: Key findings are HFCS decreased the cell viability (IC50 values of 679.2 µm), reduced migration, enhanced DNA fragmentation and decreased colony formation in SCC-9 cells and Caspase 3 and 9 gene expressions. DNA fragmentation assay revealed HFCS might cause oxidative DNA damage in SCC-9 cells significantly (p < 0.05). Similarly, we observed apoptotic stage changes in HFCS-treated cells. Furthermore, HFCS-treated SCC9 cells accumulated in the G0/G1 phase compared to the standard drug Colchicine. All things considered, the results suggest that HFCS affects the SCC-9 cell line by causing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and production of caspase 3 and caspase 9. Conclusion: Contrary to earlier literature, our study concluded that higher concentrations of HFCS (500 and 1000µM) reduce cell viability, cell migration and enhance apoptosis in oral cancer cells SCC-9. So that these findings may be generalised to human intake equivalent, more research is needed to confirm its effect on predisposition to mouth cancer.

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    Kavitha, K., Sindhu, G., Porkodi, M., Asha, K. R. T., Veeravarmal, V., & Vijayalakshmi, A. (). The Effect of High Fructose Corn Syrup on SCC-9 Cells Regulated by G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest via Apoptosis Induction. Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences, 12(2), 386–394. https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.51