Clinical Outcome and In-vitro Microbiological Response of Bacterial Isolates to Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics among Hospitalized Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Getu Bayisa1★, Sultan Suleman2, Ketema Abdisa3, Sintayehu Fekadu3★ Corresponding author
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Wollega University, ETHIOPIA.
- 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, ETHIOPIA.
- 3Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, ETHIOPIA.
CORRESPONDENCE
Getu Bayisa
Department of Pharmacy, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Wollega University, ETHIOPIA.
Received: 05-11-2015; Accepted: 10-12-2015.
Volume 8, Issue 4 · pp. 183–190 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/ijopp.8.4.7
ABSTRACT
Background:Initial antibiotic treatment for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Ethiopian settings is invariably empirical and further clinical decision making upon inadequate initial response is not evidence-based. A detailed knowledge of the local susceptibility pattern of the pathogens would ensure a more appropriate and evidencebased selection of the initial antibiotic(s). This study was conducted to assess the clinical outcome and in-vitro response of bacterial isolates to locally available and commonly prescribed antibiotics among hospitalized adults with community acquired pneumonia at JUSH. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on sixty hospitalized patients. Clinical outcome including responding pneumonia, non-responding pneumonia, death, or progressive pneumonia was assessed using clinical parameters. In-vitro microbiological response of the bacterial isolates was determined to prescribed antibiotics (doxycycline, 30 µg and ceftriaxone, 30µg) using disk diffusion and Stock methods. Results: Of all patients with CAP (n=60) two species of potential bacterial causes of pneumonia were isolated; S. pneumoniae accounted for 19(57.6%) while S. aureus accounted 14 (41.7%). S. pneumoniae, 6 (31.6%) were resistant to doxycycline and 4 (21.1%) of the isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone. Half of the S. aureus isolates were susceptible to doxycycline while 3 (21.4%) were resistant to this antibiotic. Half, 50%, of S. aureus isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone. Clinically 25% of the participants had non-responding pneumonia, however, 45 (75%) had responding pneumonia to the combined therapy of doxycycline and ceftriaxone. The presence of co-morbid illness was associated with inadequate initial clinical outcome (p=0.03). Conclusion: S. pneumoniae was the common isolate and showed high resistance rate to both ceftriaxone and doxycycline. One fourth of the patients experienced non-responding pneumonia. The presence of co-morbid illnesses was significantly associated with inadequate initial clinical response.
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Bayisa, G., Suleman, S., Abdisa, K., & Fekadu, S. (). Clinical Outcome and In-vitro Microbiological Response of Bacterial Isolates to Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics among Hospitalized Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 8(4), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.8.4.7