Assessment of Anti-Influenza Activity and Hemagglutination Inhibition of Plumbago indica and Allium sativum Extracts
Rahul Dilip Chavan1★, Pramod Shinde2, Kaustubh Girkar3, Rajendra Madage4, Abhay Chowdhary1★ Corresponding author
- 1Departments of Virology and Immunology, Haffkine Institute for Training Research and Testing, Parel
- 2Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh
- 3Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- 4Institute of Evolutionary Biology (Universitat Pompeu Fabra-CSIC), PRBB, Barcelona, Spain
CORRESPONDENCE
Rahul Dilip Chavan
Department of Virology and Immunology, Haffkine Institute for Training Research and Testing, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Volume 8, Issue 2 · pp. 105–111 · PUBLISHED Apr-Jun 2016 · DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.172562
ABSTRACT
Background Human influenza is a seasonal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Anti-flu ayurvedic/herbal medicines have played a significant role in fighting the virus pandemic. Plumbagin and allicin are commonly used ingredients in many therapeutic remedies, either alone or in conjunction with other natural substances. Evidence suggests that these extracts are associated with a variety of pharmacological activities. Objective To evaluate anti-influenza activity from Plumbago indica and Allium sativum extract against Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. Materials and Methods Different extraction procedures were used to isolate the active ingredient in the solvent system, and quantitative HPLTC confirms the presence of plumbagin and allicin. The cytotoxicity was carried out on Madin-Darby Canine kidney cells, and the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) values were below 20 mg/mL for both plant extracts. To assess the anti-influenza activity, two assays were employed, simultaneous and posttreatment assay. Results A. sativum methanolic and ethanolic extracts showed only 14% reduction in hemagglutination in contrast to P. indica which exhibited 100% reduction in both simultaneous and posttreatment assay at concentrations of 10 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 1 mg/mL. Conclusions Our results suggest that P. indica extracts are good candidates for anti-influenza therapy and should be used in medical treatment after further research.
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Chavan, R. D., Shinde, P., Girkar, K., Madage, R., & Chowdhary, A. (2016). Assessment of Anti-Influenza Activity and Hemagglutination Inhibition of Plumbago indica and Allium sativum Extracts. Pharmacognosy Research, 8(2), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.172562