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Article

Bioassay‑guided In vitro Study of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of the Leaves from Excoecaria Lucida Sw

Ania Ochoa-Pacheco1, Julio César Escalona Arranz1★, Munyewu Beaven1, Renato Peres-Roses1, Yordania Matos Gámez1, Miladis I Camacho-Pozo2, Gabriel Llauradó Maury2, Maíra Bidart de Macedo3, Paul Cos3, Josean Fechine Tavares4, Marcelo Sobral Da Silva4★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, CUBA.
  2. 2Center for Studies on Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, CUBA.
  3. 3Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, BELGIUM.
  4. 4Institute of Health Sciences, Post-graduation Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, BRAZIL.

CORRESPONDENCE

Julio César Escalona Arranz

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Oriente University, Santiago de Cuba, CUBA.

jcea1971a@gmail.com

Volume 9, Issue 4 · pp. 396–400 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_124_16

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ABSTRACT

Background:Excoecaria lucidaSw. (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant conventionally used throughout the Caribbean in the treatment of infectious diseases. Objective: To evaluate, using bioassay‑guided fractionation, the in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of E. lucida leaves. Materials and Methods:A 95% ethanol crude extract was dried and fractionated by solid‑liquid separation in four phases (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol). Antimicrobial activity (3 bacteria, 6 yeasts, and 2 fungi) was evaluated by the dilution method with resazurin (2048, 512, 128, 32, and 8 µg/mL). The cytotoxicity assays were evaluated in two cell lines: MRC‑5 and RAW 264.7; calculating the selectivity index. Assays were performed for the total extract, the isolated compound with the highest yield, and the ethyl acetate and butanol phases. Isolated compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry techniques.Results: Fractionation process led to the isolation of ellagic acid (784.29 mg), 3,3’,4’‑tri‑O‑methyl ellagic 4‑O‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside acid (6.1 mg), and corilagin (6.91 mg). The most active were ethyl acetate phase and ellagic acid with IC50 = 128 μg/mL against seven and five different species of microorganisms, respectively. The total extract (IC50 = 512 µg/mL) and the ethyl acetate phase (IC50 = 128 µg/mL) were cytotoxic in both cell lines, while butanol phase and ellagic acid both with IC50 >2048 µg/mL seemed to be safer. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate that the Excoecarialeaves can be conventionally used as antimicrobial, but it should be present that some cytotoxicity could appear. In addition, the three identified compounds were reported for the first time in the species.

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    Ochoa-Pacheco, A., Arranz, J. C. E., Beaven, M., Peres-Roses, R., Gámez, Y. M., Camacho-Pozo, M. I., Maury, G. L., Macedo, M. B. D., Cos, P., Tavares, J. F., & Silva, M. S. D. (). Bioassay‑guided In vitro Study of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of the Leaves from Excoecaria Lucida Sw. Pharmacognosy Research, 9(4), 396–400. https://doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_124_16