Vitamin D and bee propolis: A comparative study about their effect on tooth movement and resorption
Rana Mahdi Alobiedi1, Mohannad E. Qazzaz2, Ali R. Al-Khatib3
- 1University of Mosul, College of Dentistry, Mosul, Nineveh province, Iraq.
- 2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, University of Mosul, College of Pharmacy, Mosul, Nineveh province, Iraq.
- 3Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventative Dentistry Department, University of Mosul, College of Dentistry, Mosul, Nineveh province, Iraq.
Received: 10-06-2024; Accepted: 30-10-2024.
Volume 23, Issue 3 · pp. 3198 · PUBLISHED 22 August 2025 · DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2025.3.3198
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to evaluate and compare changes in some inflammatory markers involved in the inflammatory pathway associated with tooth movement, such as TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase), RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) in gingival tissues of the maxilla for second premolar in a dog’s model. The experimental sample consisted of 20 male dogs divided into 4 groups. The study involved dental arch division. Groups included control, injection bee propolis, oral propolis, and Vitamin D3 groups. Control groups received DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) injections, while bee propolis was divided into two sections during dental treatment injected 150 mg and 300 mg of propolis every 3 days. Oral propolis was administered as 100 mg/kg/day daily, while Vitamin D3 was administered as 25 units weekly. Immunohistochemistry expressions with scores were achieved for the 4 markers. Results recorded a significant decrease in the TRAP, RANKL and TNF-α levels in both tension and compression sides in the injected Propolis groups, especially at dose 300 mg, while orally and injected propolis recorded significant increase in ALP in both tooth sides comparing with control groups. The vitamin D3 group revealed significantly increased in the TRAP and RANKL compared with propolis and control groups, in addition to significantly increased in the ALP particularly in the tension side but not like propolis group. In conclusion, vitamin D3 plays a higher role in tooth movement to the compression side than propolis, which is considered more beneficial in terms of time, but it resorption both the alveolar bone and tooth root apex, whereas propolis has very good influencing in the new bone formation comparing with vitamin D3 and well tooth movement to the compression side when comparing with ordinary orthodontic treatment. Both biomaterials, through complicated biological processes, promote bone health and effective orthodontic therapy.
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Alobiedi, R. M., Qazzaz, M. E., & Al-Khatib, A. R. (2025). Vitamin D and bee propolis: A comparative study about their effect on tooth movement and resorption. Pharmacy Practice, 23(3), 3198. https://doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2025.3.3198