Solvents, Extraction Method and Plant Parts Influence on Phenolic Compound Extracts and Antioxidant Activity of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Rutaceae)

ABSTRACT

Background: The study evaluated total polyphenols, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, and antioxidant activity of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides plant parts’ extracts. Specifically, the extraction method and solvent influences on the amount of bioactive compound extracted were assessed. Materials and methods: In detail, the extraction methods were the decoction (Dec) and the maceration (Mac). Also, 3 solvents were used, whose were distilled water (Dw), 70% methanol (70%Met), and 70% ethanol (70%Eth). The leaves (L) and bark (B) were collected in the wild at Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire. Thereafter, they were dried in the laboratory, ground, and then subjected to either aqueous decoction or hydroalcoholic maceration. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were then measured spectrophotometrically. Additionally, antioxidant activity was assessed using ABTS•⁺ cation. Results: The results revealed significant variation in secondary metabolites’ contents. For example, leaves and bark decoction yielded similar polyphenol values for 108.29±9.94 and 105.35±9.94 mg GAE/kg (p=0.837). When it came to the solvents effect, Dw with the leaves, bark, and 70%Met with the bark formed a similar group with 114.55±6.67 mg GAE/kg. Looking at total flavonoids, leaves decoction led to 2.08±0.11, while the bark maceration with 70%Met gave 2.27±0.10 mg QE/kg (p<0.0001). Also, bark decoction and maceration favored condensed tannins extraction for 27.64±5.77 and 22.92±2.58 μg TAE/ kg, respectively (p=0.486). Furthermore, 70%Eth was more effective with 33.37±5.47 μg TAE/kg. Finally, the antioxidant activity was the best with leaves decoction, and 70%Met for 96.02±5.49 and 218.69±5.21 μmol Trolox.E/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides’ leaves are good sources of bioactive compounds.

KEYWORDS

• Antioxidant activity
• Condensed tannins
• Total flavonoids
• Total polyphenols
• Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides

Showing references and in-text citations exactly as published.

• DOI10.5530/ajbls.20260136Copy

RELATED ARTICLES

Matched on section and article type within this issue of AJBLS.

• Article · VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1Association of Genetic Predisposition, Dietary Habits, and Psychological Factors with Metabolic Syndrome in Sedentary Adults in KochiSurya M Kottaram, Betty Rani Isaac · pp. 60–69Research ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Profile in Uropathogenic E. coli Isolates from Clinically Presumed UTI Patients in TelanganaSuripeddi Ravi Kiran, Gujjula Rahul, Jammula Achyutha Devi · pp. 70–80Research ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1An Evaluation of the Chemical and Antibacterial Properties of the Mizo Traditional Medicine, Erythrina strictaLucy Lalawmpuii, Lalbiakngheti Tlau, Pawi Bawitlung Lalthanpuii, Kholhring Lalchhandama · pp. 81–89Research ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1Carvacrol from Plectranthus Amboinicus as Antibiofilm and Anti-Inflammatory CompoundLikhitha J.R., Simi Simon, V. Veeraraghavan, Tessy Anu Thomas · pp. 90–96Research ArticleSame type: Article