Rutaecarpine Induces Apoptosis via a Mitochondrial Membrane-Mediated Pathway in the Human Liver Cancer Cells (HepG2)
Xiaoyuan Zhuang1, Yatian Wang1, Shen Lin2, Guoshan Zhang1★★ Corresponding author
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital (Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University), Jiefang Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong Province, CHINA.
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Jinan Authority Hospital, Shizhong, Jinan, Shandong Province, CHINA.
CORRESPONDENCE
Guoshan Zhang
Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong Province-250013, CHINA.
Received: 01-03-2024; Revised: 18-03-2024; Accepted: 25-04-2024.
Volume 58, Issue 4 · pp. 1070–1076 · PUBLISHED Oct-Dec 2024 · DOI: 10.5530/ijper.58.4.118
ABSTRACT
Background The desire for novel drugs and bioactive ingredients to combat serious illnesses like cancer has grown dramatically. A great deal of research is being done to discover and create new medications. Aim According to research, cirrhosis brought on by the Hepatitis C and B Viruses (HCV) is thought to be responsible for almost half of occurrences of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). These viruses alter the DNA of the liver cells they infect, turning healthy liver cells into cancerous ones. HCC is a clinical condition where the cancer typically commences in the liver. Human liver cancer HepG2 cells are treated with Rutaecarpine (RUT), a versatile medicinal plant derived from Evodia rutaecarpa. Materials and Methods RUT was administered to HepG2 cell lines at different concentrations and the IC50 value was found. The cell line treated with RUT was then stained with the dual dye AO/EtBr to confirm apoptosis. In a similar manner, HepG2 control and RUT-treated cell lines underwent 24 hr of mitochondrial labeling and estimated to have loss in mitochondrial membrane potential which releases proteins that significantly contribute to apoptosis. Results Rutaecarpine significantly reduces cell viability by 50% inhibiting cell growth, losing mitochondrial membrane potential and Increased expression of apoptotic indicators, such as caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, were evaluated in RUT treated liver cancer cells using ELISA. Conclusion According to the study’s findings, in HepG2, RUT induces apoptosis and via a mechanism mediated by the mitochondrial membrane.
KEYWORDS
REFERENCES
As publishedShowing references and in-text citations exactly as published.
Cite this article
SELECT FORMAT
Zhuang, X., Wang, Y., Lin, S., & Zhang, G. (2024). Rutaecarpine Induces Apoptosis via a Mitochondrial Membrane-Mediated Pathway in the Human Liver Cancer Cells (HepG2). Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 58(4), 1070–1076. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.58.4.118