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Article

Chemical Characterization, Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Monarda citriodora Growing in Kashmir

Abdul Rouf Wani1★, Kanchan Yadav1★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Department of Botany, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.

CORRESPONDENCE

Abdul Rouf Wani

Department of Botany, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.

roufwani998@gmail.com

Received: 14-05-2021; Revised: 29-05-2021; Accepted: 28-06-2021.

Volume 11, Issue 2 · pp. 170–175 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/ijpi.2021.2.31

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ABSTRACT

Objectives:The main aim of this research was to evaluate phytochemicals, antimicrobial, antiproliferative and antioxidant Activities of the essential Oil of Monarda citriodora growing in Kashmir (India). Materials and Methods:Essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the flowers of Monarda citriodora was analysed by a combination of capillary gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) techniques. The essential oil was evaluated for its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against two fungal and seven bacterial strains. The antiproliferative efficacy was evaluated by Sulphorhodamine-B assay. Results:A total of 13 components were identified constituting 99.4% of the total oil composition. Thymol (79.7%), P-cymene (7.7%), Tricyclene (4.5%) and carvacrol (3.0%) were found to be the major components. The oil composition was totally dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes constituting 83.2%. Additionally, potent and broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activities were shown by the essential oil. In vitro cytotoxic studies revealed concentration dependent growth inhibition of all target cancer cell lines in the 10-100 µg/ml dilution range, with IC50 values of 24.2µg/ml (THP-1), 55.5µg/ml (A-549), 31µg/ml (HEP-2) and 37.5µg/ml (Caco-2). Antioxidant studies of the essential oil evaluated by two complementary assays viz DPPH and hydroxyl radical assays confirmed that the oil exhibited potent and dose-dependent inhibition of the DPPH and hydroxyl radicals with IC50 values of 19.3µg/ml and 39.2µg/ml respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that the essential of Monarda citriodora growing in Kashmir is rich in chemical composition and possess significant antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.

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    Wani, A. R., & Yadav, K. (). Chemical Characterization, Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Monarda citriodora Growing in Kashmir. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 11(2), 170–175. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijpi.2021.2.31