Epicatechin Plus Treadmill Exercise are Neuroprotective Against Moderate‑stage Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Mice
Zhiyuan Zhang1★, Hao Wu2, Houcai Huang3★★ Corresponding author
- 1School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China.
- 2School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
- 3Key Laboratory of Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
CORRESPONDENCE
Zhiyuan Zhang
School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China.
Received: 24-11-2015; Revised: 17-12-2015.
Volume 12, Issue 46S · pp. S139–S146 · PUBLISHED 11 May 2016 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182174
ABSTRACT
Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests that exercise and dietary polyphenols are beneficial in reducing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 8 months old amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice (a moderate pathology phase) were given the green tea catechin (‑)‑epicatechin delivered orally in the drinking water (50 mg/kg daily), along with treadmill exercise for 4 months, in order to investigate whether the combination can ameliorate the cognitive loss and delay the progression of AD in APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice. Results: At termination, untreated‑Tg mice showed elevated soluble amyloid‑β (Aβ1–40) and Aβ1–42 levels and deficits in spatial learning and memory, compared with their wild‑type littermates. The combined intervention protected against cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze, lowered soluble Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 levels in the hippocampus as well as reducing brain oxidative stress. In addition, brain‑derived neurotrophic factor proteins wee elevated and Akt/GSK‑3/cAMP response element‑binding protein signaling was activated in the combination group. Conclusions: Dietary polyphenol plus exercise may exert beneficial effects on brain health and slow the progression of moderate‑ or mid‑stages of AD.
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Zhang, Z., Wu, H., & Huang, H. (2016). Epicatechin Plus Treadmill Exercise are Neuroprotective Against Moderate‑stage Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Mice. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 12(46S), S139–S146. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.182174