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Article

Antiprotozoal, Antibacterial and Antidiarrheal Properties from the Flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Isolated Flavonoids

Fernando Calzada1★, Teresa Juárez2, Normand García-Hernández3, Miguel Valdes4, Oscar Ávila5, Lilian Mulia5, Claudia Velázquez5★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades-2° piso CORCE Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc, Col. Doctores, CP, Cd. México, Mexico.
  2. 2Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, IMSS, Hospital General Regional No 1 Carlos Mcgregor Sánchez Navarro, Gabriel Mancera. Colonia Del Valle Centro. Delegación, Benito Juárez, Cd. México CP & FES Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Batalla 5 de mayo s/n. Colonia Ejército de Oriente. CP, Cd. Mexico, Mexico.
  3. 3Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana UMAE Hospital de Pediatría. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS. CP, Cd. Mexico, Mexico.
  4. 4Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc, Col. Doctores, CP, Cd. México, Mexico.
  5. 5Area Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex hacienda La Concepción S/N Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.

CORRESPONDENCE

Fernando Calzada

Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades-2° piso CORCE Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc, Col. Doctores, CP, Cd. México, Mexico.

fercalber10@gmail.com

Received: 26-10-2015; Revised: 28-12-2015; Accepted: 28-12-2015.

Volume 13, Issue 50 · pp. 240–4 · PUBLISHED 18 April 2017 · DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204564

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ABSTRACT

Background: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat. (Sterculiaceae) is a Mexican plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of heart disease symptoms and infectious diarrhea. Objective: To evaluate in vitro antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities and in vivo antidiarrheal activity from the flowers of C. pentadactylon using the extract, fractions, and major isolated flavonoids. Materials and methods: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of C. pentadactylon (MECP) led to the isolation of five flavonoids, tiliroside, astragalin, isoquercitrin, (+)-catechin, and (-)-epicatechin. Antimicrobial activities were tested on two protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia) and nine bacterial enteropathogens (two Escherichia coli strains, two Shigella sonnei strains, two Shigella flexneri strains, two Salmonella sp. strains, and Vibrio cholerae) isolated from feces of children with acute diarrhea or dysentery and resistant to chloramphenicol. Also, antidiarrheal activity was tested on cholera toxin-induced diarrhea in male Balb-c mice. Results: Epicatechin was the most potent antiamoebic and antigiardial compound with IC50 values of 1.9 μg/mL for E. histolytica and 1.6 μg/mL for G. lamblia; tiliroside showed moderate antiprotozoal activity against both protozoan. In contrast, in the antibacterial activity, tiliroside was the most potent compound on all microorganisms with minimum inhibitory concentration values less than 0.7 mg/mL. In the case of cholera toxin-induced diarrhea, epicatechin was the most potent flavonoid with IC50 of 14.7 mg/kg. Conclusion: Epicatechin and tiliroside were the flavonoids responsible for antimicrobial andantidiarrheal activities of C. pentadactylon. Its antiprotozoal, antibacterial, and antidiarrheal properties are in good agreement with the traditional medicinal use of C. pentadactylon for the treatment of infectious diarrhea.

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    Calzada, F., Juárez, T., García-Hernández, N., Valdes, M., Ávila, O., Mulia, L., & Velázquez, C. (2017). Antiprotozoal, Antibacterial and Antidiarrheal Properties from the Flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Isolated Flavonoids. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 13(50), 240–4. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.204564