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Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchNOW IN
Article

Commercially Available Vitamin A Palmitate is Toxic and Teratogenic to the Tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis (Anura: Microhylidae)

Cuckoo Mahapatra1★, Pranati Naik1, Mandakini Singh1, Pratyush Paradarsita Mohapatra2★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Department of Zoology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, Odisha, INDIA.
  2. 2Reptile Section, Zoological Survey of India, FPS Building, Indian Museum Complex, Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA.

CORRESPONDENCE

Cuckoo Mahapatra

P. G. Department of Zoology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada-757003, Odisha, INDIA.

cuckoo.mahapatra@odisha.gov.in

Received: 06-09-2022; Revised: 16-02-2023; Accepted: 20-04-2023.

Volume 57, Issue 3 · pp. 813–821 · PUBLISHED 2023 · DOI: 10.5530/ijper.57.3.99

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ABSTRACT

Aim/Background: The present study, examined the impact of excess Vitamin A on feeding and pre-metamorphic tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis to analyse its dose-dependent and stage-specific lethal and teratogenic effects. Materials and Methods: Feeding and pre-metamorphic stage tadpoles were subjected to varying concentrations of commercially available Vitamin A palmitate for different time intervals. The control and treated tadpoles were fixed 5, 10- and 15-Days Post Treatment (dpt) in neutral buffered formalin for morphological analyses, morphometry and histology. Results: In both feeding and pre-metamorphic stages, mortality was high when exposed to higher concentrations and longer duration (48–96 hr). When exposed for 24 hr, the treated tadpoles showed significant differences in morphometry, and abnormalities in the eye and intestine of the feeding stages and eye and kidneys of pre-metamorphic stages. Significantly, most of the treated tadpoles died before attaining metamorphosis and those that survived had a delayed metamorphosis with abnormalities. Conclusion: Vitamin A is lethal to the tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis at high concentrations and at lower concentrations it affects the thyroid hormone function and causes abnormalities of various kinds.

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    Mahapatra, C., Naik, P., Singh, M., & Mohapatra, P. P. (2023). Commercially Available Vitamin A Palmitate is Toxic and Teratogenic to the Tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis (Anura: Microhylidae). Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 57(3), 813–821. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.57.3.99