Effects of Artemisinin on Anti-epileptogenic, Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Enzymes in Pentylenetetrazole-induced Kindling Model in Mice
Yilmaz Kocak1,2★, Oruc Yunusoglu3, Zubeyir Huyut4, Fikret Turkan5★ Corresponding author
- 1Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TURKEY.
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TURKEY.
- 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, TURKEY.
- 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, TURKEY.
- 5Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Igdir University, Iğdır, TURKEY.
CORRESPONDENCE
Yilmaz Kocak
Assist. Prof. Dr. Yılmaz Koçak,Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van-65080, TURKEY.
Received: 26-01-2023; Revised: 06-04-2023; Accepted: 14-08-2023.
Volume 57, Issue 3S · pp. s821–s830 · PUBLISHED 2023 · DOI:
ABSTRACT
Background: Artemisinin (ART) is a compound synthesized from the plant Artemisia annua. This compound has various therapeutic effects and is widely used against malaria. However, ART is known to have modulating effects on GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors, which are thought to be responsible for epileptic seizures. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ART on anti-convulsant, antioxidant, and cholinesterase enzyme activities in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling model in mice. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 6 groups were formed, with seven mice in each group. Mice received a total of 11 intraperitoneal injections of PTZ (35 mg/kg). On the last day of the study, a threat dose of PTZ (75 mg/kg) was administered. In addition, behavioral analysis tests (Locomotor activity and rotarod) and biochemical measurements were performed. Results: Compared with the PTZ group, ART attenuated the severity of the kindling, decreasing the seizure score. ART and VPA reversed increased oxidative stress. Decreased cholinesterase enzymes in PTZ-induced brain increased with ART treatment. While the PTZ application impaired locomotor activity in mice, the ART application provided improvement in locomotor activity. However, no significant difference was found between the groups in the motor performance of the mice. Conclusion: The findings show that ART may have the potential to prevent PTZ-induced oxidative stress, neurochemical changes, behavioral disorders, and seizures.
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Kocak, Y., Yunusoglu, O., Huyut, Z., & Turkan, F. (2023). Effects of Artemisinin on Anti-epileptogenic, Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Enzymes in Pentylenetetrazole-induced Kindling Model in Mice. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 57(3S), s821–s830.