Biological Activity of Ethanol Extract of Terminalia chebula Dried Carp against Bacterial Wilt of Lycopersicum esculentum and its Mechanism of Inhibition

ABSTRACT

Background The extract of Terminalia chebula was explored with a new perspective to control tomato bacterial wilt, opening up a new way in agriculture to control plant disease in an organic way with less impact on the environment, ecosystem and consumers. Materials and Methods The preliminary study reveals the presence of phenolic compounds, coumarins and anthroquinones in the ethanol extract and was analysed further by GCMS and NMR to identify the compounds, structure and functional group in the EE. The macro-dilution superior to diffusion method to find the rate of inhibition to measure the potential of phytochemicals in Ethanol Extract (EE) Results The optimum of 0.1 mg/mL of crude EE inhibits 56% of Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) effectively up to 96% with 0.8 mg/mL. The extent of the in vitro, in vivo experiment on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) to check any toxic compounds in EE that hinder plant growth and the absence of such compounds makes the EE a good source of organic alternatives for synthetic compounds. Simultaneously to find biologically active compounds reduces the disease severity in the inoculated plant. The pot culture experiments were conducted with seeds and plants of Lycopersicum esculentum that received EE against induced RS infection. Conclusion The five phytochemicals in crude ethanol extract have bioactivity on host plants inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum, the severity of the disease decreased with that of the diseased plant not receiving any treatment. The extract-treated plant was measured in height and weight to non-treated control plants and there was a significant difference between groups. Identified compound affinity was measured with molecular docking and interpreted.

KEYWORDS

• Ralstonia solanacearum
• Terminalia chebula
• Antibacterial activity
• Macro-dilution method
• Pot culture
• Organic control

Showing references and in-text citations exactly as published.

• DOIIndJPhaEdRes-58-4-1157Copy

RELATED ARTICLES

Matched on section and article type within this issue of IJPER.

• Article · VOLUME 58, ISSUE 4Rutaecarpine Induces Apoptosis via a Mitochondrial Membrane-Mediated Pathway in the Human Liver Cancer Cells (HepG2)Xiaoyuan Zhuang, Yatian Wang, Shen Lin, Guoshan Zhang · pp. 1070–1076Original ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 58, ISSUE 4The Therapeutic Effects of QihaPingchuan Capsule in Combination with Triple Therapy (ICS+LABA+LAMA) on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseZhijun Dong, Shujiang Dong, Jiang Li, Yanli Zhu, Zhiyong Ma, Yupei Hou, Weidong Zhao · pp. 1077–1083Original ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 58, ISSUE 4Unveiling Ethical AI: An In-Depth Bibliometric and Visual ExplorationQihui Yuan, Tingxuan Chen, Qing Yang, Zongming Zhang · pp. 1084–1101Original ArticleSame type: Article
• Article · VOLUME 58, ISSUE 4Berberine’s Therapeutic Prospects in Parkinson’s Disease: A Spotlight on Cholesterol Regulation for Cognitive ImprovementT Lakshmi Narayanan, Dithu Thekkekkara, Manasa Renu Srivalli Chattu, Amrita Babu, Sreenivasulu Naidu Kondaveeti, SK. Meheroonisha, Thummuru Ekshita Sai · pp. 1102–1109Original ArticleSame type: Article