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Article

Sustainable Management of Pencil Waste through Conversion to Rat Bedding

Fazlina Mustaffa1★, Geethaa Sahgal1, Varatharajan Rajavel1, Yamunna Parasmawaran1, Mohamed Asem Ameerdin2, Jeevandran Sundarasekar3, Baala Sharmma4, Vimalah Devi5★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Pharmacology Toxicology and Basic Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, MALAYSIA.
  2. 2Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong, MALAYSIA.
  3. 3Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong, MALAYSIA.
  4. 4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College, Malacca, MALAYSIA.
  5. 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College, Malacca, MALAYSIA.

CORRESPONDENCE

Fazlina Mustaffa

Pharmacology Toxicology and Basic Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, MALAYSIA.

fazlina@aimst.edu.my

Received: 27-03-2025; Revised: 09-05-2025; Accepted: 12-08-2025.

Volume 17, Issue 3 · pp. 537–542 · PUBLISHED · DOI: 10.5530/jyp.20250105

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ABSTRACT

Background:On average, 20 tree barks are used for the production of animal bedding for Malaysian research universities that carry out animal testing yearly. Even though this figure looks small, sustainable environmental source usage is essential in this era of plant material scarcity. Hence, this research was anticipated for efficient management of pencil waste to be used as animal bedding material. This could reduce the amount of plant lodging for the preparation of bedding material and also efficiently manage pencil waste. Materials and Methods:In this study, pencil waste material was used as the animal bedding and this bedding material was tested for bacterial count and absorption capability. Furthermore, histopathological analyses of experimental animal paws were performed. The effect of pencil waste bedding on animal body weight and behaviour was also determined. Results:This present study indicated that pencil waste bedding did not show any significant difference in animal body weight, bacterial count and absorption capability as compared to commercial bedding. In addition, histopathological studies showed that there is no cell necrosis in animal cells. Conclusion:The current findings of this research concluded that pencil waste material can be efficiently used as animal bedding material to reduce plant lodging and efficiently manage pencil waste produced.

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    Mustaffa, F., Sahgal, G., Rajavel, V., Parasmawaran, Y., Ameerdin, M. A., Sundarasekar, J., Sharmma, B., & Devi, V. (). Sustainable Management of Pencil Waste through Conversion to Rat Bedding. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 17(3), 537–542. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.20250105